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January marks Cervical Cancer Awareness Month—an important time to raise awareness about cervical cancer, its risks, preventive measures, and the critical importance of early detection. The cervix, a small muscular organ at the lower end of the uterus, plays a vital role in menstruation and childbirth by connecting the uterus (womb) to the vagina (birth canal).
Cervical cancer develops slowly in the cells of the cervix, often starting as abnormal changes called pre-cancerous cells. If untreated, these can evolve into tumours over many years—typically 15–20 years, or 5–10 years in women with weakened immune systems. It often presents no symptoms in the early stages. Despite all women being at risk, the disease is most frequently diagnosed in women in their 30s. Fortunately, cervical cancer is highly curable if detected and treated early.
Globally, it is the fourth most common cancer among women. In 2022, approximately 662,301 women were diagnosed, and 348,874 died from the disease. According to the Department of Health’s 2019 data, cervical cancer ranks sixth among women’s cancers in Abu Dhabi.
In its early stages, cervical cancer usually shows no symptoms. As the disease advances, the following symptoms may appear:
If any of these symptoms occur, consult a healthcare provider immediately. While these signs may stem from other conditions, early medical advice is essential.
HPV vaccination is a safe and effective method to prevent cervical and other HPV-related cancers. It is recommended for females and males aged 13–26. In Abu Dhabi, HPV campaigns target school-aged students (Grade 8/Year 8), with two vaccine doses offered for those under 15 and three doses for those aged 15 or above. Adults can receive the vaccine at Ambulatory Healthcare Services clinics across the emirate.
Routine Pap Smear tests are critical for early detection and can increase survival rates by up to 90%. Women aged 26–65 are advised to undergo screening every 3–5 years, regardless of vaccination status. Eligible women in Abu Dhabi can access screening through the IFHAS Periodic Comprehensive Screening Programme.
Avoiding tobacco and second-hand smoke significantly reduces cervical cancer risk. Smoking cessation support is available at designated AHS centres to help patients quit tobacco use.
By staying informed, vaccinated, and proactive about screenings, women can greatly reduce their risk of cervical cancer. Let us come together to spread awareness and support the fight against this preventable disease.
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